What to Decide Before Your Firm Touches an AI Tool

Your firm is already running on AI. Most managing partners have no idea how much.

That is the argument Kathy Serenko, Amy Adams, and I made during our June 3rd webinar on “Three AI Conversations Every Law Firm Needs to Have”, hosted by the Law Firm Profitability Group on LinkedIn. Not which tools to use, but what your firm needs to have decided before it touches any of them. The recording is here.

Kathy Serenko is the founder of AI Efficiency Labs, and Amy Adams is the founder of Gaia Allies and AIReady™.

Kathy led with the governance perspective. Her opening question: Are you already exposed? Her answer, based on what she sees in firms daily: almost certainly yes.

AI enters your firm in ways leadership cannot see. A paralegal uploads 300 pages of medical records to a personal ChatGPT account under a deadline. The summary looks clean. Three months later, the error surfaces in a settlement discussion. A vendor tool your firm approved last year has AI inside it you never examined. The tools you signed off on produce errors that reach binding deliverables before anyone reviews them. AI is designed to produce plausible output, and it will not tell you when it is filling in blanks.

Kathy’s second point: having an AI policy is not the same as having governance. Less than 40% of law firms have a policy at all, and a policy is only a statement of intent. The missing layer is the day-to-day controls built into your actual workflow. Without those controls, the policy and the reality of what is happening in your firm will not align.

Governance means a domain expert, not IT, is the authority over AI output in each practice area. Someone who reads a research memo and recognizes when the content is wrong. The errors appearing in court sanctions are content errors, and the people catching them are judges and opposing counsel. They are domain experts. Your oversight authority in each practice area needs to be one too.

Amy made the workflow case. Her rule before recommending any AI system: map the workflow first. She recently spent 90 minutes with a family law partner doing exactly that. In your firm, that work probably has not been done. If the process exists only in someone’s head, the AI system inherits every gap in it. The tool scales what is already there.

Before the workflow is designed, the economics need to be settled. If a matter that used to take 10 hours now takes five, and your firm is still billing hourly, you may be cutting your revenue in half for that work. Pricing needs to be decided before the workflow is built. Firms that build the workflow first and sort out the pricing later often discover they cannot make money at it.

Everyone in your firm is asking the same question in different ways: what happens to me? The concern is real at every level, and dismissing it does not make it go away. What is actually changing is what each role does. Paralegals are running AI systems that used to require associate hours. Associates who used to produce first drafts are now verifying AI output and building judgment through that review. Partners who used to do the work are moving toward designing the systems that do it. The firms handling this well are having that conversation before the tools arrive.

Leadership does not get to delegate this responsibility. You cannot hand AI governance to a technology committee and check back in six months. You have to understand where the exposure is and whether your compensation structure supports what you are asking of your partners.

Your partners who put their expertise into an AI system will watch their billable hours fall as the system takes on that work. That contribution needs to be reflected in how they are compensated. If your firm still pays only for billable hours, you will not get the cooperation needed to build something that works.

The firms moving ahead well on this have answered the harder questions before reaching for tools.

Rethinking the COO Role in Law Firms

Law firms have always been led by lawyers. The senior partner was often both rainmaker and chief administrator, managing everything from finances to facilities. That model worked when the business of law was simpler and the competition was local. It no longer fits the complexity of today’s legal market.

It is time to rethink what this role should entail and who is best suited for it.

The Role of the COO

The main role of a COO in a law firm is to run the firm’s business operations. Partners’ time is best spent practicing law and building client relationships. Someone must ensure that the business runs efficiently behind the scenes.

The COO position includes creating the systems and discipline that enable partners to focus on client work. A strong COO connects the dots between finance, operations, people, and strategy. This relieves partners of this task and helps execute the firm’s goals.

The New Skills Required

The skill set for today’s COO has changed. Now legal COOs must be fluent in both management skills and technology. They must understand automation and AI applications that can streamline workflows and improve decision-making.

Strong COOs now act as translators between business strategy and operational execution. They can analyze profitability at the matter and client level. They can interpret financial and operational data to guide strategic investments. And they can communicate these insights to lawyers in ways that lead to action.

The most effective COOs combine four abilities:

  • Operational discipline to ensure the firm’s core systems run smoothly.
  • Financial literacy to create budgets and new pricing models.
  • Technology fluency to identify where automation and AI create leverage.
  • Leadership credibility to influence senior lawyers without authority based on title.

These abilities rarely come from the traditional legal path. That is why many of the most successful COOs in professional services come from finance, consulting, or technology backgrounds.

Why Some Firms Struggle to Empower the COO

Even when firms hire a capable COO, many fail to use the role effectively. In some partnerships, operations managers are limited to managing facilities, HR, or IT. This limits the COO’s ability to execute. Without clear authority, the role becomes reactive rather than strategic.

Empowering a COO requires the managing partner and the executive committee to treat the role as part of firm leadership, not support staff. The COO should sit at the table where strategic and financial decisions are made, with access to the same data and accountability.

The COO and Change Management

Law firms face rising cost pressures and technology-driven disruption. These challenges cannot be solved through individual effort or incremental change. They require systemic thinking, the kind that a professional COO brings.

A forward-looking COO can lead firmwide initiatives in areas such as:

  • Redesigning work allocation models that improve leverage and profitability.
  • Introducing firm-level KPIs and dashboards to measure performance in real time.
  • Managing AI adoption projects across practice groups.
  • Building training programs that develop “business of law” concepts among lawyers.

The goal is to help the Managing Partner execute on the firm’s strategic plan. The COO becomes the connection that links strategy with day-to-day execution. COOs can also take on many of the regular duties of the Managing Partner so that they can focus on higher-level firm strategy and leadership objectives.

What Law Firms Should Do Next

Every firm should begin by asking a simple question: What is our COO actually accountable for? If the answer sounds administrative rather than strategic, the firm may be missing an opportunity.

The next step is to align the COO’s role with measurable outcomes. Examples include improvement in profit per partner or percentage of work automated. These are results that move the firm forward and justify the investment in senior operational leadership.

Closing Thoughts

The modern law firm operates more like a business than a traditional partnership. Rethinking the COO role involves giving COOs more authority and accountability to give the firm a strategic advantage. This can also lead to non-lawyer COOs becoming CEOs or recruiting non-lawyer CEOs from other industries. Given the immense changes happening in the legal industry today, high-end professional management in law firms is becoming a must-have in order to succeed.

Partner Compensation: The Catalyst for Law Firm Innovation

Many firms get stuck at the same critical point with legal innovation. They’ve brought in AI and introduced value-based pricing. A firm strategic plan has been signed off on. Everything looks ready to go.

Then nothing clicks.

These firms struggle to identify the barriers preventing them from moving forward with their innovation efforts. They have AI that could make them efficient and effective. They have value-based pricing that could recognize their increased efficiency. They have strategies to implement everything and get it working in concert.

But there’s still a missing link: partner compensation.

The Four Drivers That Must Work Together

Real change requires four connected elements. Many firms focus on three and wonder why the fourth derails everything.

You need a strategic plan with clear firm goals that support legal innovation. Without direction, changes become random experiments rather than coordinated change.

You need a value-based pricing strategy that recovers efficiency gains. Fixed-fee billing and value-based arrangements reward results instead of time spent.

You need AI that improves effectiveness. The technology exists to streamline legal work dramatically.

And finally, you need a compensation system that incentivizes partners to achieve the tasks required to contribute to the firm’s innovation goals.

Why Compensation Is the Missing Link

You need to align your partner compensation system with your firm’s strategic innovation goals and modify compensation systems that primarily depend on billable hours.

Most firms are strongly opposed to changing their compensation system. However, it is often necessary to implement AI and value-based pricing. When compensation rewards billable hours above everything else, partners resist AI that reduces those hours. Their income depends on maximizing time billed, so they’ll protect that model regardless of firm strategy.

How Compensation Needs to Change for Innovation

Some ideas for linking compensation to innovation include focusing compensation more on revenues and nonbillable contributions instead of individual billable hours. Partners will be incentivized by proactive individual plans that help achieve strategic firm objectives, including AI implementation and value-based pricing. Management will oversee these plans and report on partner performance for comp purposes. Just a couple of the changes needed to foster innovation in law firms.

Most law firms focus on incentives for short-term profit, such as billable hours/production, and little on nonbillable innovations, like AI implementation and value-based pricing, which contribute to long-term profitability. This needs to change.

Clients are quickly catching on to the benefits of AI and will switch away from law firms that don’t adapt their processes, pricing and incentive systems to meet their needs. Therefore, partners currently married to time billing should be encouraged to transition to fixed or value-based pricing models where feasible.

The Urgency Is Real

You can’t escape changing your compensation system in this new environment. The legal market is shifting, whether you participate or not. AI will continue to advance, and client expectations will keep evolving toward value-based relationships.

The technology exists. The pricing models work. The only thing standing between most firms and successful innovation is their willingness to align compensation with their strategic goals.

Stop going in circles. Address compensation now, or risk losing clients and partners in an environment that demands innovation to survive.